Spring AI Alibaba 62｜记忆管理 · 用户偏好学习

Agent 可以随着时间的推移学习并存储用户偏好。

import com.alibaba.cloud.ai.graph.agent.ReactAgent;
import com.alibaba.cloud.ai.graph.agent.hook.ModelHook;
import com.alibaba.cloud.ai.graph.agent.hook.HookPosition;
import com.alibaba.cloud.ai.graph.OverAllState;
import com.alibaba.cloud.ai.graph.RunnableConfig;
import com.alibaba.cloud.ai.graph.checkpoint.savers.MemorySaver;
import com.alibaba.cloud.ai.graph.store.stores.MemoryStore;
import com.alibaba.cloud.ai.graph.store.StoreItem;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.messages.Message;

import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;

MemoryStore memoryStore = new MemoryStore();

ModelHook preferenceLearningHook = new ModelHook() {
  @Override
  public String getName() {
      return "preference_learning";
  }

  @Override
  public HookPosition[] getHookPositions() {
      return new HookPosition[]{HookPosition.AFTER_MODEL};
  }

  @Override
  public CompletableFuture<Map<String, Object>> afterModel(OverAllState state, RunnableConfig config) {
      String userId = (String) config.metadata("user_id").orElse(null);
      if (userId == null) {
          return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(Map.of());
      }

      // 提取用户输入
      List<Message> messages = (List<Message>) state.value("messages").orElse(new ArrayList<>());
      if (messages.isEmpty()) {
          return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(Map.of());
      }

      // 加载现有偏好
      Optional<StoreItem> prefsOpt = memoryStore.getItem(List.of("user_data"), userId + "_preferences");
      List<String> prefs = new ArrayList<>();
      if (prefsOpt.isPresent()) {
          Map<String, Object> prefsData = prefsOpt.get().getValue();
          prefs = (List<String>) prefsData.getOrDefault("items", new ArrayList<>());
      }

      // 简单的偏好提取（实际应用中使用NLP）
      for (Message msg : messages) {
          String content = msg.getText().toLowerCase();
          if (content.contains("喜欢") || content.contains("偏好")) {
              prefs.add(msg.getText());

              Map<String, Object> prefsData = new HashMap<>();
              prefsData.put("items", prefs);
              StoreItem item = StoreItem.of(List.of("user_data"), userId + "_preferences", prefsData);
              memoryStore.putItem(item);

              System.out.println("学习到用户偏好 " + userId + ": " + msg.getText());
          }
      }

      return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(Map.of());
  }
};

ReactAgent agent = ReactAgent.builder()
  .name("learning_agent")
  .model(chatModel)
  .hooks(preferenceLearningHook)
  .saver(new MemorySaver())
  .build();

RunnableConfig config = RunnableConfig.builder()
  .threadId("learning_thread")
  .addMetadata("user_id", "user_004")
  .store(memoryStore)
  .build();

// 用户表达偏好
agent.invoke("我喜欢喝绿茶。", config);
agent.invoke("我偏好早上运动。", config);

// 验证偏好已被存储
Optional<StoreItem> savedPrefs = memoryStore.getItem(List.of("user_data"), "user_004_preferences");
if (savedPrefs.isPresent()) {
  // 偏好应该被保存到长期记忆中
}

本文整理自 Spring AI Alibaba 官方文档《记忆管理》：https://java2ai.com/docs/frameworks/agent-framework/advanced/memory